Abstract
Aim of the Study: To compare the effects of stainless steel
and nickel–titanium closed coil springs with the use of Roth
bracket type and different arch wires on the amount of space
closure during canine retraction in a Typodont simulation
system. Material and Methods: Typodont system with Class
II division 1 wax form and set of metal teeth, with Roth
stainless steel brackets (0.022×0.030 inch) slot dimension.
Eighty stainless steel readymade (Bonwill–Hawley arch form)
arch wires divided in to two groups according to the size
(0.019×0.025 inch and 0.020 inch), 40 for each size. Forty
stainless steel and 40 nickel–titanium closed coil springs with
force 200 gm. The distance between the distal wing of canine's
bracket and the mesial end of second molar's tube was
(31mm) which is the available space. Results: There was a
significant difference in the rate of space closure between the
two types of arch wires and between nickel titanium and
stainless steel closing coil springs. Discussion: The rate of
space closure significantly is greater with nickel–titanium
closed coil spring. Nickel–titanium closed coil spring produce
more sustained light continuous force. Conclusion: Nickel–
titanium closed coil spring is an efficient material for canine
retraction and space closure even with different wire sizes.
