The Topical Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Wound Healing in Mice

Aims: the current paper examines the topical effect of Coenzyme Q10 ointment in mice. Materials and Methods: Fifteen well male albino mice with equivalent age were designated for this research. The animals were divided into 3 clusters of five animals for each group. Group one worked as a control and was applied Vaseline ointment topically on skin wound. Groups; two and three were applied topically Coenzyme Q10 ointment 4%, 8% respectively on skin wound. These applications were repeated every day. The wound size and wound contraction ratios were measured in 1 st , 4 th , 7 th days of the experimental procedure. Result: There were significant differences between groups in wound size and wound contraction ratios. The groups were treated with Coenzyme Q10 in different concentrations. They are better in rating the wound healing. Conclusion: The topical application of CoQ10 in different concentrations encourages the wound curing in the soft tissue of mice.


INTRODUCTION
Wound is described as a break in the continuity of tissues, resulting from trauma or pathological change that initiates a process of repair (1ʻ2ʻ3).Wounds can be divided into two types; acute and chronic according to physiology of wound healing (4) Wound healing is a natural physiological reaction to tissue injury and a sequence of complex biological processes (5)   , furthermore, wound healing is a defensive The Topical Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Wound Healing in Mice role of the body that efforts on rapid rescue (6) .The essential variance between wound healing and regeneration is that all matters are capable of renewal, but healed tissue does not continually own the identical functionality or morphology because the misplaced tissue (7) .According to time and methods of closure, there are three types of wound healing, wounds heal by primary, secondary and tertiary intention (8ʻ9) .
Coenzyme Q10 is a fat-soluble antioxidant compound.It plays as a key element of the of the electron transport chain for cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) creation (10) .It has also an anti-inflammatory result (11) .The biosynthesis of CoQ10 takes place in the mitochondria of the liver, heart, kidneys and muscles, where they require a greater quantity of energy for their multiple biological roles (12) .The chemical construction of CoQ10 is similar to vitamin K, while CoQ10 is not reflected in a vitamin, as it is the only lipid -soluble antioxidant that animal cells manufacture de novo in the body (13) .Coenzyme Q10 is known to be a redox-active lipophilic antioxidant, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and preventing lipid peroxidation in the body (14) .
The skill of it is a lot larger than vitamin E and it was also recognized to aid the absorption of lipid soluble antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamin A and E (15).
Consequently, the aim of the present study is to make a different concentration of Coenzyme Q10 as ointment to study the topical effect of it on wound healing in mice.

Animals
In the present study, we selected fifteen healthy male albino mice with equal age,

Preparation of Coenzyme Q10 ointment
Two different concentrations of Coenzyme Q10 ointment were prepared (16) by mixing ( 4 The wounds in the third study group was covered with Coenzyme Q10 ointment .These application were repeated every day, and the wound size measured in 1 st ,4 th ,7 th days of the experimental procedure by multiplied length with width of wound (17) .
The wound contraction ratio (WCR) was calculated by using this equation: WCR= (A 0 -A 1 ) 0 *100 Where A 0 and A 1 are respectively the initial area and the wound area after the application of the treatment (18) .

Statistical Analysis
The records were stated as mean ± SD, variance between three experimental sets were statistically analyzed by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan test.The close of significance was at p < 0.05.

RESULTS
In our study, it is found that after 24 hs. of induced the wound.The mean value of wound size was 2.25 mm 2

about 20 -
30 gm weighted.Mice were gotten from animal maintenance housed in Collage of Dentistry / Mosul University (Iraq).The animals were kept in plastic cages under 12hs.light\12h dark cycle at 22±2˚C and access to fed with normal diet and tap water.
, 8 g) from Coenzyme Q10 powder (Windmill, USA) in 100 gm Vaseline (India) to provide final dose (4%, 8%) W\W with constant mixing utilizing a glass rode until identical ointment were made .The ointment was saved in plastic bowls and kept in refrigerator at 4C o till used.Testing on animals: Each mouse was given 50 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride (anesthetic) mixed with xylazine 10mg/kg (sedative analgesic and muscle relaxant), after 5-10 minutes the mouse reflexes were checked to ensure that anesthesia was taken.Each animal was anesthetized, laid down in ventral side on the surgical board, covered with sterile towel exposing dorsal side only.The hair on surgical area was shaved, washed with a tap water and antiseptic was performed, 10 mm longitudinal full thickness line incision was done.The wound (area of incision) in control group was covered with Vaseline only, while, the wounds in the second study group was covered with Coenzyme Q10 ointment.

Figure ( 3 ):
Figure (3): Mean Rank Differences of skin wound size between variables treated topically at 7th day.