University of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201The Effect of Chemical Disinfectants on the Setting Time and Dimensional Change of Alginate Impression Material.تأثیر المطهرات الکیمیائیة على ضبط الوقت وتغییر الأبعاد لمادة Alginate Impression.1816083910.33899/rden.2018.160839ENLuma MAl-NemaProsthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul universityJournal Article20181201Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of mixing different concentrations of chlorhexidine, iodine ,and sodium hypochlorite solutions on the setting time and dimensional change of alginate impression material. Materials and methods: Total number of samples (40) has been prepared in this study. Ten samples for control group made from pouring alginate impressions of metal model .The other groups made by mixing alginate with 0.05% iodine, 0.5% chlorhexidine and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions. Dimensional change was measured with AutoCAD program .The Setting time was also measured for each group. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test. Results: no significant difference in the linear dimensional change among the tested groups ,sodium hypochlorite added to alginate as disinfectant showed the highest dimensional changes among the other groups. There was a significant difference among the tested groups in the setting time. It was found that treating the alginate with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine disinfecting agents accelerated the setting time of the material. Conclusion: The testing disinfecting agents can be used safely regarding dimensional change.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160839_6cbc22f4dc07b066e1d3bccb86049de6.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201The effects of two bone substitute materials in the treatment of experimentally induced mandibular defects: An experimental studyآثار مادتین بدیلتین للعظم فی علاج العیوب الفکیة المستحثة تجریبیاً: دراسة تجریبیة92016084310.33899/rden.2018.160843ENAtalla FRejabJournal Article20181201Aims: To compare between the effects of deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and osteon in the healing of mandibular bone defects in the rabbits. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on ten rabbits at the Animal House, Dentistry college, Mosul University. The rabbits weighted between 1.5 and 2 kg and each rabbit was given anesthesia (10% ketamine (40 mg/kg) and 2% xylazine (5 mg/kg). Surgery was performed aseptically. Mandibles were exposed through a sub-mandibular incisions. Three rectangular full thickness defects (6×5 mm) were created in each side. The first defect in each side was filled with DBB, the second defect was filled with osteon, while the third defect was left untreated to serve as a control. Five rabbits were sacrificed after one week and the other five rabbits were sacrificed after one month. The bony mandibles were immersed in 10% formalin solution and examined histologically by two histopathologists. Results: Microscopically, sections for one week of all groups showed mild degree of inflammation, moderate amount of vascularity, granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation. Sections of one month showed no difference regarding the degree of inflammation vascularity, but the amount of granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation in the control group were lesser than the amount seen in both experimental groups. Conclusions: DBB and osteon accelerate bone healing after month regarding the amount of granulation tissue and osteoid tissue formation.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160843_12f9aaefa793780a03a91ad3bb5c815f.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Effect of various surface treatment procedures on shear bond strength of stainless-steel orthodontic brackets to composite resinتأثیر مختلف إجراءات المعالجة السطحیة على قوة الرابطة فی تقویم الأسنان باستخدام الفولاذ المقاوم للصدأ لراتنج مرکب213016084010.33899/rden.2018.160840ENBayan ِAHassanJournal Article20181201Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets bonded to composite restorations using four types of surface conditioning procedure. Materials and Methods: Thirty two cylindrical cavities were made at the center of self-cured acrylic resin blocks. All cavities were then filled with composite resin. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups. Group one: Composite surface was acid etched with 37% phosphoric acid. Group two: After using 37% phosphoric acid, bonding agent was applied and cured. Group three: After using 37% phosphoric acid silane coupling agent was applied then bonding agent was applied. Group Four: The composite surface roughened with a diamond bur, and then 37% phosphoric acid was applied. Brackets were bonded onto the composite prepared samples with Transbond XT. Shear Bond Strength was measured by a universal testing machine. KruskalWallis test was utilized for data analysis. Results: There was a significant difference between the four groups. The highest bond strength was that of Group 3. Group 1 had the lowest bond strength. Conclusions: Roughening the composite surface before acid etching was effective to improve the bond strength of orthodontic brackets to composite restorations. Addition of silane before bonding agent application result in highest bond strength.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160840_5376aeb9c7d4dc080353f1fd86b51c69.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Calibration Factor for Conventional Linear Cephalometric Measurementsعامل المعایرة للقیاسات السیفالومتریة الخطیة التقلیدیة314116084410.33899/rden.2018.160844ENRuba JMohammedNazar GhJameelMohammad NAl-MallahJournal Article20181201Aims: the aim of this study is to determine a calibration factor to eliminate the distortion in the linear cephalometric measurements. Materials and Methods; the study was performed on the 5 dry skulls, the first skull contained 12 radiopaque markers fixed at different plains, and radiographed by digital cephalometric x-ray machine. The X and Y axes of the shadow of each radiopaque marker used to estimate the calibration factor. Eight linear distances measured directly and radiographically on the conventional cephalographs of the 5 skulls to evaluate the detected calibration factor. Results; the results showed no-significant difference (p > 0.05) between the direct and calibrated radiographic measurement on the digital and conventional cephalographs. whereas significant difference was found between the conventional cephalometric linear measurements as compared with direct anatomical linear and the conventional cephalometric linear measurements with those measurements manipulated with the estimated calibration factor (p < 0.05). Conclusions; this study found that the conventional cephalometric linear measurements could be reliable as that of digital cephalometric linear measurements, if it's calibrated by the calibration factor (1.08) which is estimated by the present study.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160844_5ca40d6ddf6711d3bebd85afa0d3cca9.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Detection of Hepatitis B Antigen in The Dental Instruments Used in Public Dental Clinics in Duhok Province, kurdistan Region/ Iraqالکشف عن مستضد التهاب الکبد B فی أدوات طب الأسنان المستخدمة فی عیادات الأسنان العامة فی محافظة دهوک ، إقلیم کوردستان / العراق424716084110.33899/rden.2018.160841ENAli YSaeedSaeed ABarwariJournal Article20181201Aims: Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health hazard. The virus can be transmitted by both parenteral and non- parenteral methods such as direct contact with mucus membrane. Dental instruments can be the source of infection, therefore this study was conducted to detect HBs Ag in dental instruments used in the different public dental centers and clinics in Duhok governorate. Sampling process was from December 2016 to January 2017. Materials and Methods: A total of 549 samples were collected from five different districts as follow: 238 samples from center of Duhok, 121 samples from Zakho, 87 samples from Amedi, 68 samples from Sumail and 35 samples from Aqre. Four different commonly used dental instruments were chose namely: Scaler tips, curette, sickle and chisele. The samples divided into sterilized and used using capital A letter for sterilized and small a letter for used samples. Results: No HBs Ag was detected in all tested samples both sterilized and non- sterilized samples by ELISA technique. The results of the present study indicated to the proper hygienic precautions implemented in public dental centers and clinics as well as to the effectiveness of anti-HBV vaccine that almost all dentists had been received prior working. Conclusions: Further studies are required to cover private dental instruments as well as dentists and assistant technicians using both ELISA and RT-PCR techniques.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160841_2a8e4360e26f213299a573b876924832.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Perception of Pain by a Sample of Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment in Sulaimani Cityإدراک الألم من خلال عینة من المرضى الذین یخضعون لعلاج تقویم الأسنان فی مدینة السلیمانیة485816084510.33899/rden.2018.160845ENIdriss QAbdulTara ARasheedJournal Article20181201Aims: Orthodontic treatment is known as a painful procedure among patients. They feel varying degrees of pain during orthodontic treatment from the stage of initial examination till the end of the treatment. The aims of this study are to explore pain experience among patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with the fixed appliances by comparing two different arch wires sizes. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 60 patients (26 males, 34 females) with a mean age of 17.6 years and 20.5 years consequently. Insertion of either 0.014 or 0.016-inch wire was by random selection of patients. Patients were asked to fill out a series of questionnaires for five consecutive days after the insertion of orthodontic initial arch wire, and after the arch wire activation for 4 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, and till 5 days. The intensity (weak, mild, moderate, severe, and intensive) of the pain symptoms in connection with ten items (Biting on a hard/soft food, sensitive to hot or cold food/drink, mastication of food, fitting anterior and fitting posterior teeth together, cheeks, lips, and tongue pain) have been evaluated. Results: No significant differences were found between age groups, and between the two arch wire groups. Pain perception was more significant in females than in males and the pain perceived at the anterior teeth was greater than posterior teeth. Pain percentage level increased gradually till reaching the peak within 24 hours after the insertion of arch wire and retained the same level in the 2nd day, then decreased till the 5th day. Perceptions of pain by fitting anterior teeth were exactly the same within the period of the first few hours in both arch wire groups, and decreased over the following hours. Conclusion: No age discrimination was found for perception of pain in the two different arch wire groups, with no significant correlation for the time with initial pain that perceived after the insertion of two different initial arch wire sizes then the intensity of pain reduced over the time. Pain was perceived as being greater at the anterior than the posterior teeth and females experienced more pain than males.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160845_f1d82f5742d1789ab07506d819db2060.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Assessment of Peri Implant Osteal Changes by Radiographic Evaluation Using Standard Orthopantomograph and Periapical View a Retrospective Studyتقییم التغیرات المحیطة بالزراعة من خلال التقییم الشعاعی باستخدام طریقة تقویم العظام المعیاریة والمنظور العرضی دراسة استعادیة596616084210.33899/rden.2018.160842ENHuda ASalim0000-0002-0744-083Alyaa INaserZiad HDelemiJournal Article20181201Aims: The aims of the study are to evaluate the radiographical views, OPG and periapical views on the changes in peri- implant bony tissue around dental implant at time of placement and another reading after 16 weeks before functional prosthetic loading and regard it as a prognostic parameter. Material and methods: Nineteen cases with 24 implant were enrolled for standardization. Radiographical measurement undertaken by a periapical and OPG radiographs after implant placement, then after16 weeks later, again a second periapical and OPG radiographs were taken for measurements using Dimaxis 3.2.1. Software program to estimate marginal bone height of both sides of implant and its changes during times of evaluation. Results: 19 medically fit patients, male and female with age 22-65 years, twenty four implants with average bone loss 0.59 mm mesialy and 0.60 mm distally at T0 as standered base line in compared to 0.98mm mesialy and 1.11mm distally at T1as average bone loss. There was a significant bone resorption in both sides in relation of implant size and in comparison to time of placement and after 16 weeks according to statistical analysis. Conclusion: OPG and periapical views are a good parameter for evaluation of successful implant and monitoring of the prognosis and stability and durability, as these radiographs more available in most dental centers and clinics with less cost.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_160842_8d97776de2ba80fdc24e14c63bb98fd2.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Prosthetic Treatment for Hemimaxillectomy Patient: (A Clinical Case)العلاجات التعویضیة لمریض فاقد جزء من الفک العلوی: (حالة سریریة)677216124110.33899/rden.2019.161241ENNashwah SubhiProsthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul universityMohammed AAbdullaProsthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul university0000-0002-1465-4465Nadira AHatimProsthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul universityJournal Article20180920Aims: prosthetic rehabilitation of a maxillary defect after hemi-maxillectomy with a palatal obturator made from nickel chromium framework. Materials and methods: A silicon impression was made and poured with a dental stone to develop a definitive cast. The site, position and shape of maxillary defect determine the path of insertion. Design the metal framework of the obturator to Class II R.P.D according to Kennedy's classification. Casting the framework in base-metal alloy made from nickel chromium framework, centric jaw relation was recorded. A finished prosthesis (an obturator of closed hollow-bulb type) was inserted. Conclusions: Obturator prosthesis enhancing function and speech, reduce the rate of fluids and food passing to the nose. Extend the border of an acrylic of the prosthesis at defect site lead to enhance both the retention and stability of the obturator.الأهذاف:: ت ذٍف الذراسخ الى إعبدح التأ یٌل الصنىبع لیینت ال نل الی ن دُ ثینذ إسالنخ وصن اللنش الی ن دُ نل الینذاد ال ى ن اَلمصنى عُ نه<br />یٌ ل ال ز مَ اَلىی ل المیذو . المواد وطرائق العمل: تم اخذ الطجیخ ثبستخذام بدح الیی نُ ه ثم عمل قبلت حلز الأسىبن الى نٍبی ینبر<br />استخذام الل بٍس تم ت ذیذی حیت الیلاقخ ل اللش المتضزر. تم تصمیم ال یٍ ل المیذو فَقب لتصىی کىذد ه ال ئنخ الابوینخ. تنم اولنبس القبعنذح<br />المیذویخ المصى عُخ ه سجی خ الىی ل بدح ال نز مَ. نه ثنم اولنبس الینذاد الصنىبع الملن فُ. الاستنتنجاج : الینذاد الصنىبع لن د رَ فن<br />ت ییه ال ضُبی الت م ىل تَق یل تیزة الی اُیل اَلاطیمخ الى التل یُ الاو . الا تنذاد الصن یل ل ینذاد الصنىبع النى و بٍینبد المىطقنخ<br />المتضزرح ضز رَد لت ییه خبصیخ الاجبد اَلذعب ى ل یذاد الصىبع .https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_161241_46e4be9d876351197120a3e57997c946.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Role of Encouraging Words in Reducing Anxiety and Pain During Tooth Extractionدور الکلمات المشجعة فی الحد من القلق والألم أثناء استخراج الأسنان738216124210.33899/rden.1999.161242ENAbdurrahman AAl-SammanProsthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul university
Prosthodontic Department, College of dentistry, Mosul universityOmar SAl-NuaimeZaman SulaimanOmar JMohamedtaibJournal Article20181104Aims: The present study tests the effect of preoperative encouraging words provided by dental clinician on the levels of anxiety and pain experienced by patients after tooth extraction. Materials and methods: Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention and the control group. Intervention subjects had pre-operative ten minutes appointment with operating oral surgeon. This appointment identify the sources of anxiety, and participants given individualized encouragement according to their needs. Control subjects received reassurance immediately before surgery. All patients completed several questionnaires covering measures of anxiety and pain. Results: Discussion with patients along with encouragement highly affects patients’ levels of anxiety and pain after tooth extraction. Conclusions: Dental clinicians should consider the practice of encouraging patients shortly before tooth extraction.الأهذاف: ت دَف اندراسة ان إختبار تأث رٖ انکهنات انتشج عٖ ةٖ انت قٕدم اَ طب بٖ الأسنیاه فن مسنت إِت انقهنو اُلأننل اننع عٕناى می نَا اننرضن بعد قهع الأسیاه. المواد وطرائق العمل: تل اخت اٖر اننرض تُقسن نٖ لَ عشن اِی اٖ إنن مجن عِنة انسن ةٖر مُجن عِنة خخنر تع نع نهتشنج عٖ قبنم<br />عنه ةٖ انقهع مو خلال نقاء نند عشر دقایو مع طب بٖ الاسیاه اننعنان، ی نٖت تدندد مصنادر انقهنو خنلال انهقناء عُٕةن کنم منرضٕ ضننو نٍع اننجن عِة تشج عٖا فُقًا لایت اٖجات .ٌ تٕهق اننرض ف مجن عِة انسن ةٖر تةن یٖنات عامنة قبنم انجراینة. خکننم جن نٖع اننرضن اسنتب اٖىات عند<br />نق اٖس مد انقهنو اُلأننل. النتائئ : اننیاقشنة منع اننرضن ف نلا عنو تشنج عٖ لَ نٕثثر بشند عهن مسنت إِت انقهنو اُلأننل عیند اننرضن بعند قهنع<br />الأسیاه. الاستنتئجئت: جٕب عه خطباء الأسیاه إعتناد منارسة تشج عٖ اننرض خلال فتر زمی ةٖ قص رٖ قبم قهع الأسیاه.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_161242_4b4ab57e439c940fa248d6deb30175a6.pdfUniversity of MosulAl-Rafidain Dental Journal1812-121718120181201Evaluating the Effect of (W) Angle and ANB Angle in the Assessment of Anterioposterior Jaw Relationship and their correlation to gonial angleتقییم تأثیر زاویة (W) وزاویة ANB فی تقییم علاقة الفک الأمامی الخلفی وعلاقتهما gonial angle839616413410.33899/rden.2017.164134ENZaid BurhanAl-DewachiJournal Article20181003Aims: to evaluate the accuracy of W angle, ANB angle and gonial angle in assessing anterio-posterior jaw dysplasia and the correlation between them in class I , II, III patients. Materials and Methods: one hundred twenty patients (18-30) years of male and female from the center of Mosul City that met the criteria of the sample with class I, II, and III, the sample was divided into 3 groups The: 40% was male (48 cases) and 60 % was female (72 cases). Three groups 40 cases were distributed for each one of class I, II, III. Cephalometric analysis and measurement of angles were done .Results: the mean value of gonial angle for class I was 126.24±0.77° , class II cases was 123.42±0.86° and the class III cases was 127.53±0.98°;the mean value of W angle for class I was 53.953±0.309° , for class II was 48.78±1.29° and for class III was 60.96±3.00; 3; the mean value of ANB angle for class I was 2.71±0.155° , class II was 5.82±0.431°and for the class III was -3.182±0.241.The comparison between all variables in all classes showed highly significant differences at p<strong>الاهداف</strong> :یهدف البحث الى تقییم تاثیر زاویة ( , (wزاویة (ANB) وزاویة الرکینة فی تقییم خلل التنسج الفکی الامامی الخلفی وعلاقته بهذه الزوایا للمرضى من الاطباق الفکی للنوع الاول والثانی والثالث <strong>المواد وطرائق العمل</strong> : تکونت العینة من 120 مریضا تراوحت اعمارهم بین (18-30 سنة) ذکورا واناثا من مرکز مدینة الموصل تطابقوا مع متطلبات العینة للاطباق من النوع الاول والثانی والثالث قسموا الى ثلاثة مجامیع ، 40% کانوا ذکورا(48 حالة) و60% اناثا (72 حالة) ، 40 حالة لکل مجموعة ،مع انجاز تحلیلات قیاسات الراس وقیاسات الزوایا <strong>النتائج</strong>:معدل قیمة الزاویة الرکینة للااطباق من النوع الاول 126.24±0.77° للاطباق من النوع الثانی 123.42±0.86° للاطباق من النوع الثالث 127.53±0.86° ، قیمة زاویة ( (Wلللاطباق من النوع الاول هو 53.953±0.309° للاطباق من النوع الثانی 48.78±1.29° وللاطباق من النوع الثالث 60.96±3.00° اما قیمة زاویة ( (ANB للاطباق من النوع الاول هو 2.71±0.155° للاطباق من النوع الثانی 5.82±0.431° وللاطباق من النوع الثالث -3.182±0.241°، وجود اختلاف معنوی کبیر عند المقارنة بین جمیع المتغیرات لکل انواع الاطباق عند قیمة معنویة>P 0.05 . معامل ارتباط برایسون بین المتغیرات فی الاطباق من النوع الاول یوضح علاقة ضعیفة موجبة غیر معنویة بین مقدار زاویة (W) مع زاویة (ANB)بینما علاقة ضعیفة سالبة غیر معنویة بین زاویة الرکینة وزاویتی (ANB) و (W). الاطباق من النوع الثانی عند مقارنة قیمة زاویة (W) مع زاویتی (ANB) والزاویة الرکینة یوضح وجود علاقة ضعیفة موجبة غیر معنویة على الطرف الاخر یوجد علاقة ضعیفة سالبة غیر معنویة عند مقارنة قیمة زاویة ((ANBمع الزاویة الرکینة .للاطباق من النوع الثالث عند مقارنة قیمة زاویة (W) مع قیم زوایا (ANB) والزاویة الرکینة یوضح وجود ارتباط غیرمعنوی سالب ضعیف على الجهة الاخرى یوجد ارتباط ضعیف غیر معنوی عند مقارنة قیمة (ANB) مع قیمة الزاویة الرکینة <strong>الاستنتاجات:</strong> لا یمکن لای من المتغیرات ان یعتمد الاکثر ملائمة والاکثر حقیقة لتحدید الخلل فی التنسج الفکی الامامی الخلفی ویجب ان نعتمد على خطوط وزوایا اخرى فی کل المستویات الثلاثیة الابعاد لنصل الى التشخیص الصحیح وخطة العلاج.https://rden.mosuljournals.com/article_164134_2dbceb1bc94ddf82ae0d58a243ee04bf.pdf